Protein Folding
The protein folding problem asks how proteins find their three-dimensional shape. AlphaFold achieved a breakthrough in prediction in 2020, yet the fundamental understanding of the folding process remains an active research question.
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DNA encodes the amino acid sequence that then folds into a protein.
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Proteins are the molecular machines that do all the work in your body, but they only function when they fold into exactly the right 3D shape. The protein folding problem was one of biology's biggest unsolved mysteries – until AlphaFold achieved a major breakthrough in 2020 by predicting protein structures with stunning accuracy using artificial intelligence. Yet fundamental questions remain: how do proteins actually fold inside living cells? Scientists are still actively investigating this puzzle today.
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Last Updated
2026-02-17